Care and cleaning of gemstones at home

Stones lose their shine mainly due to a thin layer of grease, cream and dust that builds up on the surface. The good news: you can safely refresh most of them at home — if you know what each stone can take. Here's the key.

Golden rule: know your stone

Hardness and sensitivity vary greatly between stones. A general "universal" recipe can damage more delicate stones. So always consider the type of stone.

Classification by sensitivity

GroupStonesCleaning
Hard and resistantDiamond, sapphire, rubyLukewarm water + mild soap + soft brush
Medium sensitiveAmethyst, topaz, garnet, aquamarineLukewarm water, no aggressive products
SensitiveEmerald, opal, turquoiseOnly a soft damp cloth, no soaking
Very sensitivePearl, coral, amberOnly a dry/slightly damp soft cloth

Universal safe procedure (for hard stones)

1. Pour lukewarm water into a bowl (not hot!)
2. Add a drop of mild dish soap
3. Soak the piece for a few minutes
4. Gently clean with a soft toothbrush (dedicated to it)
5. Rinse with clean water
6. Dry with a lint-free soft cloth

What NEVER to do

  • Toothpaste / baking soda: abrasive, they scratch the stone and metal
  • Hot water on emerald/opal: can damage (thermal shock, oil loss)
  • Ultrasound on delicate stones: emerald, opal, pearl may crack
  • Chlorine / bleach: damage the metal and some stones

Special cases

Emerald is often oiled to improve appearance. Soaking or ultrasound can wash the oil out and reveal inclusions. Only wipe with a soft cloth.

Pearls are organic and soft (2.5–4.5 Mohs). Grease, perfume and sweat damage them over time. Wipe them after each wear with a soft cloth and store them separately.

Opal contains water — extreme dryness or heat can cause cracks. Keep it away from heat sources.

How often

  • Stones you wear every day: a quick refresh every few weeks
  • Professional cleaning at the jeweler: once every 1–2 years (including a setting check)

With us

For our pieces we offer professional cleaning and inspection. If you're unsure what a particular stone can take, write to us — we advise based on the stone type.

What's next?

Browse the gemstone guide →

Send a question →

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Author: Kraguljevich Jewelry · Buyer's guide